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WGU Data Management – Foundations Exam Sample Questions (Q17-Q22):

NEW QUESTION # 17
Which property of an entity can become a column in a table?

• A. Attribute
• B. Uniqueness
• C. Non-null values
• D. Modality

Answer: A

Explanation:
Indatabase design,attributesof an entity becomecolumnsin a relational table.
Example Usage:
For anEmployee entity, attributes might include:

CREATE TABLE Employees (
EmployeeID INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(50),
Salary DECIMAL(10,2),
DepartmentID INT
);
* Eachattribute(e.g., Name, Salary) becomes acolumnin the table.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* Option A (Modality) (Incorrect):Describesoptional vs. mandatoryrelationships, not table structure.
* Option B (Uniqueness) (Incorrect):Ensuresdistinct valuesbutis not a column property.
* Option D (Non-null values) (Incorrect):Ensures thatcolumns must contain databut doesnot define attributes.
Thus, the correct answer isAttribute, as attributes of entities becometable columns.

 

NEW QUESTION # 18
How can a primary key constraint be added after the table is created?

• A. By using an ALTER clause
• B. By using an UPDATE clause
• C. By using the CREATE TABLE statement
• D. By using an INSERT INTO clause

Answer: A

Explanation:
Toadd a primary key constraint after table creation, we use theALTER TABLEstatement.
Example Usage:
sql
ALTER TABLE Employees
ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Employees PRIMARY KEY (EmpID);
* Thisaddsa primary key to the EmpID columnafter the table was created.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* Option B (CREATE TABLE) (Incorrect):Used for defining constraintsduringtable creation, not after.
* Option C (UPDATE) (Incorrect):Modifiesrow values, not constraints.
* Option D (INSERT INTO) (Incorrect):Used toadd datato a table, not modify constraints.
Thus, the correct answer isALTER TABLE, as itmodifies table structure to add a primary key constraint.

 

NEW QUESTION # 19
Which description defines a data type?

• A. It has values corresponding to columns.
• B. It is a named set of values.
• C. It has a name and a varying set of rows.
• D. It is an unnamed tuple of values.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Adata typedefines the kind of data a column can store in a database. It ensures data consistency and efficient storage.
* Option A (Correct):A data type is anamed set of values, such asINTEGER, VARCHAR, DATE, etc.
* Option B (Incorrect):A tuple refers to arowin a relational database, not a data type.
* Option C (Incorrect):Data typesdefinecolumn values, but they do not correspond directly to columns.
* Option D (Incorrect):Data types do not have avaryingset of rows; they define attributes for columns.

 

NEW QUESTION # 20
Which property is associated with a one-field primary key?

• A. Numeric
• B. Duplicate
• C. Simple
• D. Composite

Answer: C

Explanation:
Aprimary keyuniquely identifies each row in a table. When a primary key consists ofonly one field, it is called aSimple Primary Key.
Types of Primary Keys:
* Simple Primary Key (Correct Answer):
* Contains onlyone column.
* Example:
sql
CREATE TABLE Students (
StudentID INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(50)
);
* Composite Primary Key:
* Usesmultiple columnsto ensure uniqueness.
* Example:
sql
CREATE TABLE Orders (
OrderID INT,
ProductID INT,
PRIMARY KEY (OrderID, ProductID)
);
* Surrogate Primary Key:
* A system-generatedunique identifier(e.g., UUID or AUTO_INCREMENT).
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* Option B (Duplicate) (Incorrect):A primary keymust be unique, so itcannot be duplicate.
* Option C (Numeric) (Incorrect):While primary keyscan be numeric, they can also be alphanumeric (VARCHAR).
* Option D (Composite) (Incorrect):Acompositekey consists ofmultiple fields, whereas a simple key is a single field.
Thus, the correct answer isSimple, since aone-field primary keyis a simple primary key.

 

NEW QUESTION # 21
How many bytes of storage does a BIGINT data type hold in MySQL?

• A. 1 byte
• B. 3 bytes
• C. 4 bytes
• D. 8 bytes

Answer: D

Explanation:
In MySQL, theBIGINTdata type is a64-bit integerthat requires8 bytes (64 bits) of storage. It is used to store large numerical values beyond the range of INT (4 bytes).
* Option A (Incorrect):1 byte corresponds toTINYINT, which can store values from -128 to 127.
* Option B (Incorrect):3 bytes is not a standard integer storage size in MySQL.
* Option C (Incorrect):4 bytes corresponds toINT, which has a range of -2,147,483,648 to
2,147,483,647.
* Option D (Correct):BIGINT takes8 bytesand supports a massive range of numbers from -2